“Real estate fever”… it hit this Country like a plague. Zillions of “newbies” hit the bandwagon, trying to make a profit where they lost in the stock market. I meet them all the time, and many made big mistakes!
Mistake #1: Stock market mentality
You’d think after losing $7 trillion in the stock market people would have learned. Real estate investing should be treated like a business. The local market values and trends should always be taken into consideration before making an offer. Investors should always “team up” with a local realtor who knows the real estate market in the area they are wishing to invest in!
Real estate is a long term investment. You must know going in what you expect to get out of the project, You must know the rate of return you want, your cost of capital, i.e. interest rates, holding costs and acquisition costs and capitalization rates. All this must be clear in the investor’s mind before making an offer on a property that may fit their criteria. Real estate investment can be rewarding but much homework must be done before buying.
Buying real estate solely for short-term appreciation is often a big gamble! If you buy real estate to hold for 5 years or more, the chances are you will come out on top. If you buy a property and flip it in within a year, you probably are not going to make a profit. One of the major issues I see with new real estate investors is they start off too big. They purchase a 2-5 unit building and do not expect the number of issues that come with being a landlord. Many first-time investors also don’t recognize the amount of time and expense to maintain not only the interior of the units, but also the exterior.
I think a good first-step for a real estate investor is to purchase a small one or two bedroom condo in a larger building (that way you only have to worry about the maintenance of your unit – the condo assn will take care of all of the common area maintenance) near a high rental demand area. This allows you to have a ready supply of (seasonal) renters every year, and, if you don’t like being a landlord it is easier to sell a rental that has good seasonal demand. But, if you buy a rental property for full market price with break even or negative cash flow, you’d better have a backup plan if the market doesn’t start going up. Investing is a lot like surfing… if you don’t know how to ride the wave, you will drown!
So, should you refrain from investing if you think the market will continue to drop? Absolutely not! You can find bargain-priced properties in this real estate market. You can find low-interest rate financing that will increase your cash flow so if values drop, you still are covered. You can plan short-term (six to 12 months), because real estate markets rise and fall slowly. And, if you keep a cash reserve for your business, you won’t sweat when the market tanks, because you know that in the long run, real estate markets virtually always come back.
Mistake #2: Investing blind
People continuously make the same mistake, which is blindly buying real estate based on bogus advice or complete lack of education. Real estate is one of the few investments in which risk is directly proportional to knowledge. True, it has a higher learning curve than investing in the stock market, but there’s no proof that having knowledge of the stock market reduces risk (just ask your mutual fund manager).
I just read a comment on a real estate discussion group on the Internet. In response to an inquiry as to whether a particular seminar or training program was worth the money, someone answered, “Why waste your money on that stuff? Just use your money as a down payment and learn as you go.” This is probably the worst advice you could ever give a beginner. Money for real estate deals is easy to find if you can find good deals. But, you won’t know what a good deal is without having first invested in your education!
The more knowledge of real estate investing techniques, financing, acquisition, negotiating and, of course, your local marketplace, the less risky your investments will be. A bargain real estate purchase will generally always be a safe investment; a bargain stock purchase isn’t – after all, who says the company you bought into will be in business next year?
Mistake #3: No cash reserves
Ask anyone in real estate long term (or any other business, for that matter) and they will tell you the two most important words for survival are: “cash flow.” Heck, even K-Mart failed to learn that valuable lesson!
In order to stay in real estate long term, you need cash reserves. Buying real estate nothing down is easy; handling negative cash flow, repairs and other expenses in the meantime is the trick. In fact, if you can handle the bad times, real estate will always make you come out on top. Lack of cash reserves puts unnecessary pressure on you to do substandard repairs, accept less than qualified tenants and give into tenants’ demands for fear of vacancy.
When you have a sufficient cash reserve, you act rationally. You hold out for a higher sales price. You hold out for a qualified tenant. You leave properties vacant rather than renting to taking a chance on a tenant. You call a tenant’s bluff when they threaten to leave. You take care of necessary repairs and improvements on your properties. It’s a whole different ballgame than operating from a lack of cash. Like I said, buying properties with no money down isn’t hard; it’s handling the cash flow. In other words, you can buy real estate without money, you just can’t survive in business without cash reserves. Thus, consider accumulating cash reserves before investing in rental properties.
Mistake #4: Being greedy
Many investors got started flipping properties to other investors, which is a good idea to generate cash reserves. However, you must be realistic about how much profit is in a deal. If there is a potential for a $20,000 profit in a rehab project, you can’t expect to make $10,000 flipping that property to a rehabber. A rehabber has a huge risk in embarking in such a project and wants a large enough profit to justify the risk.
For example, if a house needs $10,000 in repairs, the rehabber investor wants to make at least a $20,000 profit. If you find a deal with $20,000 in profit potential, how could you expect to get $10,000 for flipping the property if the rehab investor you flip it to is only going to make $10,000? You should be happy making $2,500 and moving on to the next deal. If you want to make more than $2,500 on such a deal, then you must find and negotiate a better bargain that has more profit potential.
Mistake #5: Treating real estate as anything other than a business
People are lured to real estate because of the quick buck that it promises. Don’t hold your breath, you won’t get rich quick. An “overnight sensation” usually takes about five years. More than ninety percent of the people who take a real estate seminar quit after three months.
Why the high fallout rate? Lack of action and unrealistic expectations. Real estate investing should be treated with the seriousness of a career. It takes months, even years for a business to cultivate customers and have a life of its own. You need to treat real estate like any other business. Give yourself at least six months to see if real estate works for you. It may even take a year before you buy your first property. Maybe in the second year you will buy three or four properties. If you work hard at it and keep your eyes and ears open, you may even find your first deal in 30 days. Certainly, you will not make money by talking or thinking about it; you must go out and take action.